ABSTRACT
Background: Proper nutritional support is one of the important caring aspects in patients who were hospitalized in ICU
Objective: This study was done to investigate Oral Drop Gastrolit effect on the gastric residual volume [GRV] in mechanically ventilated patients hospitalized in ICU
Methods: In this clinical trial, 50 mechanically ventilated patients were recruited using convenience sampling method; and were randomly divided into two control [Placebo = water] and experimental groups [Gastrolit]. Intervention group patients were given Gastrolit [20 drops] three times a day for 4 days. GRV was measured before the gavages. The mean GRV of patients were compared in the two groups for 4 days. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, Chi squared test, and Mann Whitney u test and Friedman test in the SPSS-16
Results: The results showed that most patients were male [60%], and their mean age +/- SD were 63.06+/-19.6. GRV decreased in the intervention group but increased in the control group. The mean GRV in the intervention group on the second, third, and fourth day significantly lower than the control group [P<0.0001]
Conclusion: It seems Gastrolit can decrease GRV in mechanically ventilated patients, so it can be used to improve gastric emptying and prevent delayed gastric emptying complications
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Parents who have children with chronic disease are susceptible to anxiety and depression. Parental anxiety and depression is associated with decreased sense of responsibility toward care, education and nutrition for their children and also for their mental disorder effect on their children's mental and emotional health. The purpose of this study was to determine parent's anxiety and depression of children with chronic disease in Tehran Mofid pediatric Hospital
Method: The present study is cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2010. 440 parents of hospitalized children with chronic diseases were selected with simple random sampling. Study's tool was Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Independent t-test and Pearson correlation tests
Results: The results showed that 49.1% of parents had moderate to severe and 24.5% had mild anxiety. Also 31.8% of samples were with moderate to severe depression and 27.3% with mild depression. Child gender, location, duration of hospitalization of children showed significant association with the level of anxiety and depression [p<0.05], as well as a significant relationship between parent's gender, history of anxiety and parent's age with depression levels was observed [p<0.05]
Conclusion: According to results of this study, it is recommended to screen depression in parents of children with chronic illnesses in hospitals and clinics
ABSTRACT
Nursing is a stressful job and nurses are confronted with so much stresses. Job stress currently has become a challenge for the nursing profession. Job stress can lead to a loss of creativity, job dissatisfaction, feeling of inadequacy, depression and reduced quality of nursing care. The present study was performed to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics and Job stress among medical staff in Saqqez Imam Khomeini's Hospital. In this correlation-descriptive study, 115 nurses from Saqqez Imam Khomeini's Hospital in 2013 were selected based on census sampling method. Data were collected by Expanded Nursing Stress Scale [ENSS] and NEO-Five Factor Inventory[NEO-FFI]. Data were analyzed by SPSS-18 software using descriptive statistics, independent t test, Pearson correlation and regression at the significant level of p
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Workplace , Nurses , Human CharacteristicsABSTRACT
Nowadays with improving the taking care of the burnt patients, mortality rate decreased. With the increased survival of these patients, the number of the survivors with complications increased. Among these consequences, disfigurement is the most important ones. So recently, psychosocial problems of burnt patients and their rehabilitation have been deeply paid attention to. Therefore, a qualitative study was conducted so as to obtain information concerning quality of life with burn disfigurement after being discharged from the hospital, in order to devise psycho-social support programs based on this evidence. This article reports part of a greater qualitative study. Purposive sampling and theoretical sampling was used to selecting the participants. The main data collecting tool was in-depth interviews. Thirty-four individual in-depth interviews were performed with 22 participants. The interviews were analyzed by the content analysis method and constant comparative method. After analyzing, for quality of life with burn disfigurement theme's "life in suffocation" with three core category "ruin lives", "to get tired" and "slavery disfigurement" appeared. Despite the severity of suffocation for different people was different, but it was for all participants. The evidences indicate quality of life with disfigurement even in people who few years living with problem, in a way that is inappropriate and uncomfortable as life is suffocating. Hence there exists a need to devise a proper supportive plan to enhance quality of life for these people
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Burns/complications , Quality of Life/psychology , Asphyxia/mortality , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Nursing students are often exposed to verbal abuse and/or physical assaults from patients and patients' families during the course of their training. Although, past studies have explored violence against nurses, a little attention has been paid by researchers to workplace violence against nursing students. The aim of this study is to identify and explore influencing factors on workplace violence in nursing students during their training programs. In this descriptive study, 271 nursing students completed a reliable and valid questionnaire. Participants were working in teaching hospital affiliated to Arak University. In total, 74.9% and 7.38% of the respondents stated that they had been verbally abused and physically assaulted during their training program in the previous 12-months period, respectively. Most of physical attacks were happened by patients whereas most verbal abuses by patients' families. There were no statistically significant differences between sex and different years in violence. Nursing students are often exposed to violence during the course of their training programs. Nursing students require training on how to prevent and respond to workplace violence, and this important topic should be incorporated into the nursing students' curriculum
ABSTRACT
Nursing and midwifery students are at risk needlestick/sharps injuries [NSIs/Sis]. Actual number of NSIs/SIs among students due to insufficient reporting it is not clear in Iran. The aim of this study was to explore the barriers of not reporting of NSIs/SIs among nursing students. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2009. 207 and 68 nursing and midwifery students were participated in study, respectively. A questionnaire, consisting two sections of demographic information and questions about exposure to [NSIs/SIs] and frequency and barrier reporting of NSIs/SIs, was completed by students. According to the findings, 43% and 20.5% of nursing and midwifery students had experienced at least one contaminated NSIs/Sis in the past 12 months. Only 44.9% [n=40] and 50% [n=7] of the nursing and midwifery who had experienced NSIs/Sis in the previous year, were reported all exposures to NSIs/Sis, respectively. The most important the reasons for not reporting injuries consisted of low probabilities of the infection risk of the injury source, not familiar with reporting process and fear of decreasing evaluation score. NSIs/SIs and non-reporting of NSIs/SIs were highly prevalent in nursing and midwifery students. More education programs should be directed at students to increase their awareness of about NSIs/SIs. Also nursing and midwifery student's instructors should give positive responses to nursing students for reporting NSIs/SIs
ABSTRACT
Most of the recent studies in nursing education have been focused on outcomes of learning. Conventional clinical nursing education, which emphasizes on skill acquisitions, may not encourage students to adopt meaningful or deep learning approaches. This study examined the effect of Concept Mapping on learning approaches among nursing students. In this quasi-experimental study, 53 nursing students were randomly divided into two control [n=25] and experimental [n=28] groups. We taught concept mapping for the nurses in the experimental group to use it in caring patients and learning clinical skills. The control group received traditional nursing care plan lessons. Before and at the end of the intervention, the students' approach to learning was assessed using the Study Process Questionnaire. Data was analyzed using independent t test. No statistically significant difference was found between the control and experimental groups on demographics, surface and deep approaches to learning at the beginning of the study [P>0.05]. Deep approach to learning increased significantly in the experimental group after the intervention [P=0.03]. There was also statistically significant difference in the deep approach to learning between two groups [P=0.02]. No statistically significant difference was found in the surface approaches to learning between two groups. The results of this study provided empirical support for the use of concept mapping as a meta cognitive intervention to increase students' meaningful learning and academic achievement
ABSTRACT
Accelerating of skin wounds healing process has been focused by researchers in recent years. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of topical phenytoin, silver sulfadiazine and conjugated estrogen on skin wounds healing in male rats. Accessing a way to accelerate skin wounds healing is still one of the important goals in medical science. This experimental study was accomplished on 32 male rats [8 animals in each group] with approximately equal body mass. Skin wounds were made with an area of 40 mm[2] and a depth of 0.5 mm on the back of the necks. Three groups were administered daily by topical phenytoin [1%], silver sulfadiazine [1%] and conjugated estrogen [625%]. Control group received no drug. Wounds healing was evaluated daily and the study was continued until the wounds healing completed. Silver sulfadiazine demonstrated to be the best treatment for the wounds healing; compared with the other medicines, it required significant shorter time of treatment. Silver sulfadiazine accelerates skin wounds healing in male rats
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Male , Wounds and Injuries/drug therapy , Phenytoin , Silver Sulfadiazine , Estrogens , RatsABSTRACT
Ventilator-associated pneumonia [VAP] is one of the common nosocominal infections in intensive care units [ICU] which leads to high mortality rates. Endotracheal suctioning is routinely performed in mechanically ventilated patients to clear secretions. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of closed versus open endotracheal suction methods on development of ventilator-associated pneumonia. This randomized control trial included 156 hospitalized patients in intensive care units of the hospitals of Arak University of Medical Sciences. Patients who had required mechanical ventilation and been transferred to ICU in less than 24 hours after their admission and had endotracheal tubes for less than six hours were assigned randomly into two groups. Routine open suction and closed suction methods were used for control [n=74] and intervention [n=82] groups respectively. After 72 hours the patients were examined for signs and symptoms of pneumonia based on clinical pulmonary infection score [CPIS]. The results of this study showed the incidence of pneumonia in the intervention and control groups were 28% and 48.6% respectively. Considering the incidence of pneumonia, there was a significant difference between the two groups [P=0.01]. Patients with history of cigarette smoking had increased incidence of pneumonia but no difference was detected in the incidence of pneumonia between males and females. Considering the decreased risk of transfer of contamination via medical devices and personnel's hands, use of closed suction method can lead to a decrease in the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia
Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/etiology , Suction/methods , Incidence , Intubation, Intratracheal , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Yeast infections are increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. In order to perform a DNA-based diagnostic test, availability of a rapid and easy-to-perform DNA extraction protocol is essential. In the present study we evaluated colony-PCR as the easiest way to amplification of target DNA. Instead of using templates of purified genomic DNA, we performed the PCR directly from yeast colonies or cultures. Serial cell dilution of three reference yeast strains including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used for determining the sensitivity of the colony-PCR. A total of one hundred yeast isolates were also tested. All reactions were performed using the universal fungal primers ITS1 and ITS4 complementary to the rDNA region. The colony-PCR resulted in a single band [with different sizes] for 106 cells or more for all reference species. Furthermore 98 out of 100 [98%] of samples showed a relevant single band after PCR. Directly application of the yeast cells obtained from culture colony for PCR reaction is a fast, reliable, cost-effective and simple method for performing any PCR-based protocol including diagnostic tests